NetBSD Problem Report #60496

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Message-Id: <20260724150514.851F61A923C@mollari.NetBSD.org>
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:05:14 +0000 (UTC)
From: dreibh@simula.no
Reply-To: dreibh@simula.no
To: gnats-bugs@NetBSD.org
Subject: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
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X-From4GNATS: "dreibh@simula.no via gnats" <gnats-admin@NetBSD.org>

>Number:         60496
>Notify-List:    riastradh@NetBSD.org
>Category:       bin
>Synopsis:       Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
>Confidential:   no
>Severity:       non-critical
>Priority:       medium
>Responsible:    kre
>State:          closed
>Class:          sw-bug
>Submitter-Id:   net
>Arrival-Date:   Fri Jul 24 15:10:00 +0000 2026
>Closed-Date:    Thu Oct 29 06:16:18 +0000 2026
>Last-Modified:  Thu Oct 29 06:16:18 +0000 2026
>Originator:     Thomas Dreibholz
>Release:        11.0_RC6
>Organization:
SimulaMet
>Environment:
NetBSD netbsd11 11.0_RC6 NetBSD 11.0_RC6 (CUSTOM_SCTP) #0: Thu Jul 23 15:24:45 UTC 2026  root@:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/CUSTOM_SCTP amd64
>Description:
When logged in via SSH session, NetBSD 11.0_RC6 produces an invalid separator for printf "%'d\n" when the locale is set to nb_NO.UTF-8.

Example:
$ LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345
12&#65533;345

The separator should be a space in Norwegian locale (nb_NO.UTF-8). Instead, it sends &#65533;.

$ LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345 | hexdump
0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a                    
0000007

In the console, the "&#65533;" is shown as space, so the issue is not visible there.


For example in de_DE.UTF-8, the output is correct ("." is used here):

$ LC_ALL=de_DE.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345 
12.345

>How-To-Repeat:
$ LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345
12&#65533;345

>Fix:

>Release-Note:

>Audit-Trail:

State-Changed-From-To: open->analyzed
State-Changed-By: riastradh@NetBSD.org
State-Changed-When: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:36:04 +0000
State-Changed-Why:
Well, that's a silly bug.

It's trying to print the octet sequence 0xc2 0xa0, but only the 0xc2 is
coming out, because...

    631 	char thousands_sep;	/* locale specific thousands separator */
...
    923 			thousands_sep = *(localeconv_l(loc)->thousands_sep);

https://nxr.netbsd.org/xref/src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c?r=1.41#631

I.e., it's just working with the first byte of the string!


From: Taylor R Campbell <riastradh@NetBSD.org>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: gnats-admin@netbsd.org, netbsd-bugs@netbsd.org, dreibh@simula.no
Subject: Re: bin/60496 (Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:43:39 +0000

 Looks like FreeBSD made a couple of changes to fix multibyte
 separators and decimal points back in 2009:

 https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/commit/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c?id=3D5004a238=
 c38aecce2abe202ae920a07c2d9c3576
 https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/commit/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c?id=3D21ca178e=
 ce5d3877714d167a673c0b54948640e5

 Perhaps we should pick those up.

Responsible-Changed-From-To: bin-bug-people->kre
Responsible-Changed-By: kre@NetBSD.org
Responsible-Changed-When: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 01:50:20 +0000
Responsible-Changed-Why:
I will fix this one, it will give me something to do (and yes, I will
look at the FreeBSD changes, and if possible, do the same).


From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: 
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 12:09:11 +0700

     Date:        Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:10:00 +0000 (UTC)
     From:        "dreibh@simula.no via gnats" <gnats-admin@NetBSD.org>
     Message-ID:  <20260724151000.AEC3C1A923D@mollari.NetBSD.org>

   | In the console, the "&#65533;" is shown as space, so the issue
   | is not visible there.

 It is the substitution character, used for invalid values,
 which in different environments can appear as almost anything.

 I will deal with the decimal point issues that Taylor pointed out
 the FreeBSD fix for first, though those are (kind of) unrelated to this PR,
 as they're simpler changes, and then deal with the grouping character
 (the thousands_sep case, though "thousands" isn't necessarily it)
 that is, the issue here, after that.

 In this case I am not sure that the immediate problem isn't an issue
 with the locale definition however.  What do you expect to see in the
 Norweigan locale for this?   If it is the same as the German version,
 then nothing I do to fix printf (printf(1) or printf(3) - here printf(1)
 is simply printing whatever printf(3) produces) will achieve that, as the
 German locale has the grouping character set to '.', whereas Norweigan
 locale has the grouping character defined to be 0xFFFF which seems to me
 to be an implausible value (unless perhaps it is intended to suppress
 grouping), but so does the French (fr_FR at least) locale, so perhaps that
 value does mean something special to the locale compiler (beyond my sphere
 of influence for sure).

 I can however, with FreeBSD's assistance, fix things so that multi-byte
 values (such as an unbreakable space, as one possibility) which exist in
 the compiled locale module, work as they should.

 kre


From: Valery Ushakov <uwe@stderr.spb.ru>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: 
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 01:33:52 +0300

 On Fri, Jul 24, 2026 at 15:10:00 +0000, dreibh@simula.no via gnats wrote:

 > The separator should be a space in Norwegian locale (nb_NO.UTF-8).
 > Instead, it sends &#65533;.
 >
 > $ LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345 | hexdump
 > 0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a
 > 0000007

 It sends 0xc2 byte, which makes an invalid UTF-8 sequence.

 The locale source (share/locale/numeric/nb_NO.UTF-8.src in this case)
 has \ua0 non-breaking space (as UTF-8 \xc2\xa0)

 The bug is that thousands_sep in vfwprintf.c is char, not a string,
 hence truncated 0xc2.

 -uwe

From: Valery Ushakov <uwe@stderr.spb.ru>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: 
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 01:35:22 +0300

 On Sun, Jul 26, 2026 at 01:33:53 +0300, Valery Ushakov wrote:

 > The bug is that thousands_sep in vfwprintf.c is char, not a string,
 > hence truncated 0xc2.

 Bah, I somehow managed to miss the rest of the thread where riastradh
 and kre already answered... Sorry for the noise.

 -uwe

From: Thomas Dreibholz <dreibh@simula.no>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org, kre@netbsd.org, gnats-admin@netbsd.org,
 netbsd-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: riastradh@NetBSD.org
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 16:36:45 +0200

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   <body>
     <p>Hi,</p>
     <p>the same issue also occurs under Solaris (OpenIndiana 2026.04)
       -&gt; <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true"
         href=3D"https://www.illumos.org/issues/18283"
         class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.illumos.org/issues/18=
 283</a>.</p>
     <p>Background: I am making automated installations of VMs using the
       Virtual Machine Image Builder and System Installation Scripts (<a
         moz-do-not-send=3D"true"
         href=3D"https://www.nntb.no/~dreibh/vmimage-builder-scripts/"
         class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.nntb.no/~dreibh/vmima=
 ge-builder-scripts/
       </a>; Git: <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true"
         href=3D"https://github.com/simula/nornet-vmimage-builder-scripts"=

         class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext">https://github.com/simula/nornet-=
 vmimage-builder-scripts</a>),
       which generate VMs with different operating system installations
       and certain sets of applications. A package installed on all
       systems is System-Tools (<a moz-do-not-send=3D"true"
         href=3D"https://www.nntb.no/~dreibh/system-tools/"
         class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.nntb.no/~dreibh/syste=
 m-tools/</a>
       ; Git: <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true"
         href=3D"https://github.com/dreibh/system-tools"
         class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext">https://github.com/dreibh/system-=
 tools</a>),
       which displays login banners and basic information about the
       system (like memory and storage status with locale-dependent
       formatting, i.e. "%'6.0f" or "%'d", etc.), automatically on
       log-in. System-Tools supports i18n, i.e. it can work with
       different locales and translations.<br>
       Therefore, it is possible to see the output of the same software
       under different operating systems and locale settings. The
       observed issue occurs under NetBSD and OpenIndiana, but not under
       FreeBSD, OpenBSD and different Linux distributions.</p>
     <p>Some testing on different systems:</p>
     <p><span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">#!/usr/bin/en=
 v
           bash<br>
           uname -a<br>
           LC_ALL=3Dnb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345<br>
           LC_ALL=3Dnb_NO.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345 | hexdump<br>
           LC_ALL=3Dfr_FR.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345<br>
           LC_ALL=3Dfr_FR.UTF-8 printf "%'d\n" 12345 | hexdump</span><br>
         <br>
       </span>Linux (Ubuntu 24.04):</p>
     <p><span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">Linux
           besserud.proxmox.crnalab.net 6.17.0-35-generic
           #35~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue May 26 19:30:42 UTC
           2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
         </span><br>
         12=E2=80=AF345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0<br>
         0000009
         <br>
         12=E2=80=AF345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0<br>
         0000009<br>
         <br>
       </span>FreeBSD (15.1-RELEASE):</p>
     <p><span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">FreeBSD
           lillevann.proxmox.crnalab.net 15.1-RELEASE FreeBSD
           15.1-RELEASE releng/15.1-n283562-96841ea08dcf GENERIC amd64
         </span><br>
         12=C2=A0345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 a0c2 3433 0a35 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0<br>
         0000008
         <br>
         12=E2=80=AF345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0<br>
         0000009</span></p>
     <p>Solaris (OpenIndiana 2026.04):</p>
     <p><span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">SunOS
           localhost 5.11 illumos-4648b9b8c3 i86pc i386 i86pc
         </span><br>
         12=EF=BF=BD345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0<br>
         0000007
         <br>
         12=EF=BF=BD345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0<br>
         0000007</span></p>
     <p>OpenBSD 7.9:<br>
       <span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;"><span
             style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
               style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">OpenBSD
               localhost.lan 7.9 GENERIC.MP#4 amd64
             </span><br>
             12345
             <br>
             0000000 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03231 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03433 =C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A00a35
             =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0<br>
             0000006
             <br>
             12345
             <br>
             0000000 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03231 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A03433 =C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A00a35
             =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0<br>
             0000006</span></span></span></p>
     <p>NetBSD 11.0_RC7:</p>
     <p><span style=3D"font-family:monospace"><span
           style=3D"color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;">NetBSD
           localhost 11.0_RC7 NetBSD 11.0_RC7 (CUSTOM_SCTP) #0: Sat Jul
           25 10:06:00 UTC 2026
           =C2=A0root@:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/CUSTOM_SCTP amd64
         </span><br>
         12=EF=BF=BD345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0<br>
         0000007
         <br>
         12=EF=BF=BD345
         <br>
         0000000 3231 33c2 3534 000a =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
 =A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0<br>
         0000007</span></p>
     <div class=3D"moz-cite-prefix">Den 25.07.2026 07:15, skrev Robert Elz=

       via gnats:<br>
     </div>
     <blockquote type=3D"cite"
       cite=3D"mid:20260725051504.3C6DA1A923D@mollari.NetBSD.org">
       <pre wrap=3D"" class=3D"moz-quote-pre">The following reply was made=
  to PR bin/60496; it has been noted by GNATS.

 From: Robert Elz <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href=3D"mailto:kre@mu=
 nnari.OZ.AU">&lt;kre@munnari.OZ.AU&gt;</a>
 To: <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"mailto:gnats-bugs@netbs=
 d.org">gnats-bugs@netbsd.org</a>
 Cc:=20
 Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
 Date: Sat, 25 Jul 2026 12:09:11 +0700

      Date:        Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:10:00 +0000 (UTC)
      From:        <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href=3D"mailto:dreib=
 h@simula.noviagnats">"dreibh@simula.no via gnats"</a> <a class=3D"moz-txt=
 -link-rfc2396E" href=3D"mailto:gnats-admin@NetBSD.org">&lt;gnats-admin@Ne=
 tBSD.org&gt;</a>
      Message-ID:  <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href=3D"mailto:20260=
 724151000.AEC3C1A923D@mollari.NetBSD.org">&lt;20260724151000.AEC3C1A923D@=
 mollari.NetBSD.org&gt;</a>
 =20
    | In the console, the "&amp;#65533;" is shown as space, so the issue
    | is not visible there.
 =20
  It is the substitution character, used for invalid values,
  which in different environments can appear as almost anything.
 =20
  I will deal with the decimal point issues that Taylor pointed out
  the FreeBSD fix for first, though those are (kind of) unrelated to this =
 PR,
  as they're simpler changes, and then deal with the grouping character
  (the thousands_sep case, though "thousands" isn't necessarily it)
  that is, the issue here, after that.
 =20
  In this case I am not sure that the immediate problem isn't an issue
  with the locale definition however.  What do you expect to see in the
  Norweigan locale for this?   If it is the same as the German version,
  then nothing I do to fix printf (printf(1) or printf(3) - here printf(1)=

  is simply printing whatever printf(3) produces) will achieve that, as th=
 e
  German locale has the grouping character set to '.', whereas Norweigan
  locale has the grouping character defined to be 0xFFFF which seems to me=

  to be an implausible value (unless perhaps it is intended to suppress
  grouping), but so does the French (fr_FR at least) locale, so perhaps th=
 at
  value does mean something special to the locale compiler (beyond my sphe=
 re
  of influence for sure).
 =20
  I can however, with FreeBSD's assistance, fix things so that multi-byte
  values (such as an unbreakable space, as one possibility) which exist in=

  the compiled locale module, work as they should.
 =20
  kre
 =20
 =20
 </pre>
     </blockquote>
     <pre class=3D"moz-signature" cols=3D"72">--=20
 Best regards / Mit freundlichen Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fen / Med vennlig hilsen

 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
  Thomas Dreibholz

  Simula Metropolitan Centre for Digital Engineering
  Centre for Resilient Networks and Applications
  Stensberggata 27
  0170 Oslo, Norway
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  E-Mail:     <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"mailto:dreibh@=
 simula.no">dreibh@simula.no</a>
  Homepage:   <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext" href=3D"http://simula.no/=
 people/dreibh">http://simula.no/people/dreibh</a>
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D</pre>
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 --------------a8EXg9Cjr0cxZbJVnRmu0SDa--

From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Thomas Dreibholz <dreibh@simula.no>
Cc: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org, gnats-admin@netbsd.org, netbsd-bugs@netbsd.org,
        riastradh@NetBSD.org
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 02:29:25 +0700

     Date:        Sun, 26 Jul 2026 16:36:45 +0200
     From:        Thomas Dreibholz <dreibh=40simula.no>
     Message-ID:  <df67540e-6bb9-4cda-90c0-579dd702045c=40simula.no>

   =7C the same issue also occurs under Solaris (OpenIndiana 2026.04) ->=20

   =7C The observed issue=20
   =7C occurs under NetBSD and OpenIndiana, but not under FreeBSD, OpenBSD=
  and=20
   =7C different Linux distributions.

   =7C Linux (Ubuntu 24.04):
   =7C
   =7C Linux besserud.proxmox.crnalab.net 6.17.0-35-generic =2335=7E24.04.=
 1-Ubuntu=20
   =7C SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue May 26 19:30:42 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 =

   =7C GNU/Linux
   =7C 12 345
   =7C 0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a
   =7C 0000009
   =7C 12 345
   =7C 0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a
   =7C 0000009

 That one is simple enough, E2 80 AF is UTF-8 for code-point 8239 (0x202f)=

 a narrow no-break space (which would appear as just a space in a fixed
 width font like terminal emulators use).

   =7C FreeBSD (15.1-RELEASE):
   =7C
   =7C FreeBSD lillevann.proxmox.crnalab.net 15.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 15.1-REL=
 EASE=20
   =7C releng/15.1-n283562-96841ea08dcf GENERIC amd64
   =7C 12=A0345
   =7C 0000000 3231 a0c2 3433 0a35
   =7C 0000008
   =7C 12 345
   =7C 0000000 3231 80e2 33af 3534 000a
   =7C 0000009

 That is more interesting, for nb_NO.UTF-8 FreeBSD is using a regular
 width no-break space (Code point 160, 0xA0), and for fr_FR.UTF-8 they're
 using the narrow one that Linux uses.

 Is Norweigan intended to be different from French in that way, or not?
 (ie: do Linux or FreeBSD have it correct) ?   Or perhaps neither, and
 both French & Norweigan should be a normal width no-break space?

 If this is to get changed in NetBSD, we might as well try to get it right=
 .

 The others don't need comments.

 kre


From: Valery Ushakov <uwe@stderr.spb.ru>
To: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org
Cc: 
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 23:02:14 +0300

 On Mon, Jul 27, 2026 at 02:29:25 +0700, Robert Elz wrote:

 > If this is to get changed in NetBSD, we might as well try to get it right.

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-breaking_space#Narrow_non-breaking_space

   The narrow non-breaking space is used in numbers as a group
   separator in French (starting in Unicode CLDR 34[16]) and Venetian
   (starting in Unicode CLDR 44[17]).  In Spanish, the Royal Spanish
   Academy and Association of Academies of the Spanish Language's
   Diccionario panhispánico de dudas prescribes a small space as the
   number group separator,[18] although this is not the case in
   Unicode's Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR).[19]

 -uwe

From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Thomas Dreibholz <dreibh@simula.no>
Cc: gnats-bugs@netbsd.org, netbsd-bugs@netbsd.org, riastradh@NetBSD.org
Subject: Re: bin/60496: Locale-dependent UTF-8 issue over SSH session
Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2026 00:29:10 +0700

 There is progress on this issue, it hasn't been forgotten!

 Given the test program:

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <locale.h>

 int
 main(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
 {
         char buf[129];

         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
         memset(buf, 0, sizeof buf);

         sprintf(buf, "%'d\n", 123456789);
         write(1, buf, strlen(buf));

         sprintf(buf, "%'40.4f\n", 123456789012.76543);
         write(1, buf, strlen(buf));

         return 0;
 }

 [Just using the sprintf/write combination as it was easier for debugging
  - the changes are all buried inside the __vfprintf_unlocked_l or
  __vfwprintf_unlocked_l function (as appropriate) and the subordinate
  routines it calls, which are used for all *printf() variations, so this
  should be the same for any kind of printf().]

 When built to make (the imaginatively named) binary) "t" I now get:

 LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 ./t
 123 456 789
                  123 456 789 012,7654

 LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8 ./t | hexdump
 0000000 3231 c233 34a0 3635 a0c2 3837 0a39 2020
 0000010 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3120
 0000020 3332 a0c2 3534 c236 37a0 3938 a0c2 3130
 0000030 2c32 3637 3435 000a

 That is, the grouping characters are properly C2A0
 aka \u00A0 (the unbreakable space) which I believe
 is what is intended (it is what is in our locale data
 anyway, if incorrect that can be a different change).


 In my fake test locale, I get:

 LC_ALL=x1_X1.UTF-8 ./t | hexdump
 0000000 3231 d933 34ac 3635 d937 38ac 0a39 2020
 0000010 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3120 d932 33ac
 0000020 acd9 3534 d936 37ac 3938 d930 31ac e232
 0000030 8e97 3637 3435 000a

 There the grouping characters are D9AC (\u066c)
 and the decimal point is E2978E (\u25ce) - not
 because they're particularly likely values to
 ever exist, but just because they're not impossible
 either:

 LC_ALL=x1_X1.UTF-8 ./t
 123٬4567٬89
              12٬3٬456٬7890٬12◎7654

 (and yes, this fake locale also uses a rather odd grouping
 specification, not just every N digits).

 I am still working on improving the ATF tests before this
 gets committed, but I believe the libc parts are all OK
 (wrt this issue anyway) now.   The decimal point change is
 identical to (obtained from) the FreeBSD changes to fix
 the same problem, the grouping changes are done differently,
 FreeBSD's implementation has diverged from ours in other
 ways, and it was (for just this) easier to simply reimplement
 the changes in ways that fit our current sources.

 kre

From: "Robert Elz" <kre@netbsd.org>
To: gnats-bugs@gnats.NetBSD.org
Cc: 
Subject: PR/60496 CVS commit: src/lib/libc/stdio
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 2026 19:12:51 +0000

 Module Name:	src
 Committed By:	kre
 Date:		Mon Sep 21 19:12:51 UTC 2026

 Modified Files:
 	src/lib/libc/stdio: vfwprintf.c

 Log Message:
 PR lib/60708 - include 'F' format when fetching %n$ args.

 XXX pullup -10 -11 (to be done along with PR bin/60496 pullups).


 To generate a diff of this commit:
 cvs rdiff -u -r1.41 -r1.42 src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c

 Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
 copyright notices on the relevant files.

From: "Robert Elz" <kre@netbsd.org>
To: gnats-bugs@gnats.NetBSD.org
Cc: 
Subject: PR/60496 CVS commit: src/lib/libc/stdio
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2026 04:36:55 +0000

 Module Name:	src
 Committed By:	kre
 Date:		Tue Oct 13 04:36:55 UTC 2026

 Modified Files:
 	src/lib/libc/stdio: vfwprintf.c

 Log Message:
 PR bin/60496 - fix printf(3) with non-single-byte decimal point & thousands sep

 These fixes are relatively simple, and should be safe -- I have had them
 in my source tree for ages now.

 The fix for the decimal point case is taken more or less directly from
 an old FreeBSD fix for the same issue.

 The thousands separator case is different - our code and FreeBSD's have
 diverged so much in this area that simply using their method would have
 been more trouble than it was worth, so I reimplemented it differently
 to better fit our code model.

 There are ATF tests that go with this, which will be committed one day,
 but have been waiting on strfmon(3) fixes, which are related.   I decided
 these code changes should wait no longer.  The tests will come later.

 XXX pullup -11 -10


 To generate a diff of this commit:
 cvs rdiff -u -r1.42 -r1.43 src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c

 Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
 copyright notices on the relevant files.

State-Changed-From-To: analyzed->needs-pullups
State-Changed-By: kre@NetBSD.org
State-Changed-When: Tue, 13 Oct 2026 05:30:40 +0000
State-Changed-Why:
Needs pullups (along with PR lib/60708) to -10 and -11


State-Changed-From-To: needs-pullups->pending-pullups
State-Changed-By: kre@NetBSD.org
State-Changed-When: Wed, 14 Oct 2026 18:21:50 +0000
State-Changed-Why:
[pullup-10 #1363] [pullup-11 #531]


From: "Martin Husemann" <martin@netbsd.org>
To: gnats-bugs@gnats.NetBSD.org
Cc: 
Subject: PR/60496 CVS commit: [netbsd-11] src/lib/libc/stdio
Date: Wed, 14 Oct 2026 18:30:55 +0000

 Module Name:	src
 Committed By:	martin
 Date:		Wed Oct 14 18:30:55 UTC 2026

 Modified Files:
 	src/lib/libc/stdio [netbsd-11]: vfwprintf.c

 Log Message:
 Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #531):

 	lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c: revision 1.42,1.43

 PR lib/60708 - include 'F' format when fetching %n$ args.

 PR bin/60496 - fix printf(3) with non-single-byte decimal point & thousands sep

 These fixes are relatively simple, and should be safe -- I have had them
 in my source tree for ages now.

 The fix for the decimal point case is taken more or less directly from
 an old FreeBSD fix for the same issue.

 The thousands separator case is different - our code and FreeBSD's have
 diverged so much in this area that simply using their method would have
 been more trouble than it was worth, so I reimplemented it differently
 to better fit our code model.

 There are ATF tests that go with this, which will be committed one day,
 but have been waiting on strfmon(3) fixes, which are related.   I decided
 these code changes should wait no longer.  The tests will come later.


 To generate a diff of this commit:
 cvs rdiff -u -r1.41 -r1.41.4.1 src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c

 Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
 copyright notices on the relevant files.

From: "Martin Husemann" <martin@netbsd.org>
To: gnats-bugs@gnats.NetBSD.org
Cc: 
Subject: PR/60496 CVS commit: [netbsd-10] src/lib/libc/stdio
Date: Wed, 14 Oct 2026 18:33:23 +0000

 Module Name:	src
 Committed By:	martin
 Date:		Wed Oct 14 18:33:22 UTC 2026

 Modified Files:
 	src/lib/libc/stdio [netbsd-10]: vfwprintf.c

 Log Message:
 Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1363):

 	lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c: revision 1.42,1.43

 PR lib/60708 - include 'F' format when fetching %n$ args.

 PR bin/60496 - fix printf(3) with non-single-byte decimal point & thousands sep

 These fixes are relatively simple, and should be safe -- I have had them
 in my source tree for ages now.

 The fix for the decimal point case is taken more or less directly from
 an old FreeBSD fix for the same issue.

 The thousands separator case is different - our code and FreeBSD's have
 diverged so much in this area that simply using their method would have
 been more trouble than it was worth, so I reimplemented it differently
 to better fit our code model.

 There are ATF tests that go with this, which will be committed one day,
 but have been waiting on strfmon(3) fixes, which are related.   I decided
 these code changes should wait no longer.  The tests will come later.


 To generate a diff of this commit:
 cvs rdiff -u -r1.39.2.1 -r1.39.2.2 src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c

 Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
 copyright notices on the relevant files.

State-Changed-From-To: pending-pullups->feedback
State-Changed-By: kre@NetBSD.org
State-Changed-When: Wed, 14 Oct 2026 18:45:38 +0000
State-Changed-Why:
Pullups completed.

This problem should be fixed in versions of all of HEAD -11 and -10
built from sources from after the date of this e-mail (and HEAD
somewhat earlier).

Please let us know if there are still any issues with these systems.

Thanks for the PR.


From: "Robert Elz" <kre@netbsd.org>
To: gnats-bugs@gnats.NetBSD.org
Cc: 
Subject: PR/60496 CVS commit: src/tests/lib/libc/locale
Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2026 17:35:20 +0000

 Module Name:	src
 Committed By:	kre
 Date:		Wed Oct 28 17:35:20 UTC 2026

 Modified Files:
 	src/tests/lib/libc/locale: t_sprintf.c

 Log Message:
 PR lib/60885 and PR lib/60886 - add test cases to demonstrate bugs

 The changes in this test (amongst others, including adding tests of
 the nb_NO.UTF-8 domain for PR bin/60496 which should already be fixed)
 should expose the problems in printf(3) and scanf(3) noted in the PRs.
 Note that we do not currently have tests for wscanf(3) which has a similar
 problem to PR lib/60885, and consequently remains untested.

 These new tests are currently expected to fail - but are not going to
 be marked as expected fails, I want to see them actually fail.

 Fixes for the issues already exist, and will be committed to the tree
 soon after test failures have been observed.  Similarly, a fix for the
 wscanf(3) issue will be made at the same time (the bug is glaringly obvious,
 and its fix is considerably simpler than that for scanf(3) - not that that
 one was difficult) without that one ever having been observed - unless
 the proverbial someone quickly implements a test case for that.

 None of this is intended to be pulled up to any already released version
 of NetBSD (apart from the 60496 fixes, which already have been), as no
 existing release has an installed locale which can trigger any of the other
 bugs.  The scanf issue (60585, incl wscanf - it is the same issue, just
 occurring in a different way) is a plausible one - a real locale could
 trigger it, but none of NetBSD's existing locales do.   The 60886 issue is
 bizarre, no real locale is ever going to trigger that one.

 In addition to the added tests for the bugs, and simply to torture the
 implementation in ways the tests had not done before, the tests have
 been upgraded to not stop upon the first failure - all failing sub-tests
 will be reported before each test case fails.


 To generate a diff of this commit:
 cvs rdiff -u -r1.8 -r1.9 src/tests/lib/libc/locale/t_sprintf.c

 Please note that diffs are not public domain; they are subject to the
 copyright notices on the relevant files.

From: Taylor R Campbell <riastradh@NetBSD.org>
To: Robert Elz <kre@NetBSD.org>
Cc: gnats-bugs@NetBSD.org, gnats-admin@NetBSD.org, netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org,
	dreibh@simula.no, source-changes-d@NetBSD.org
Subject: Re: PR/60496 CVS commit: src/tests/lib/libc/locale
Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2026 17:52:47 +0000

 > Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2026 17:35:20 +0000
 > From: "Robert Elz" <kre@netbsd.org>
 > 
 > These new tests are currently expected to fail - but are not going to
 > be marked as expected fails, I want to see them actually fail.

 Please mark the tests as xfail.

 Verifying that they actually fail is _exactly the point_ of marking
 them as xfail:

 0. The tests pass but are missing anything to trigger a certain bug.

 1. You add a new test marked xfail.
    => The tests should still pass, verifying the bug is there.  (The
       new test will be counted among the expected failures rather than
       among the successes.)

 2. You fix the bug and remove the xfail marker in a single changeset.
    => The tests should still pass, verifying that the fix changed the
       test from failing to passing.

 If test detects the bug and the change fixes the bug as you intended,
 the whole test suite will pass at every step of the way.

 If you got anything wrong -- if the test failed to detect the bug, if
 the changeset failed to fix the bug -- only _then_ will the test suite
 fail.  That should be cause for alarm, and shouldn't be used for
 routine verification of whether your change worked.

State-Changed-From-To: feedback->closed
State-Changed-By: kre@NetBSD.org
State-Changed-When: Thu, 29 Oct 2026 06:16:18 +0000
State-Changed-Why:
Feedback timeout, problem fixed, verified fixed by ATF tests


>Unformatted:

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